Aminoglycosides are a class of antibiotics that were first discovered in the late 1940s and early 1950s, with streptomycin being the first member identified. Derived from actinobacteria, these compounds are characterized by their amino-modified glycoside structure, which contributes to their potent bactericidal activity. Initially, aminoglycosides were primarily utilized for treating tuberculosis and other serious infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria. Over the decades, their spectrum of activity expanded, and they became critical in the management of various infections, particularly in hospital settings. However, the use of aminoglycosides has been tempered by concerns over nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. In recent years, they have garnered attention as biomarkers for monitoring therapeutic drug levels and understanding individual patient responses to treatment, highlighting their ongoing significance in modern medicine.

Elevated levels of Aminoglycosides may indicate an increased response to specific bacterial infections or an underlying condition that necessitates antibiotics. High levels could also suggest potential renal impairment, as Aminoglycosides are primarily excreted through the kidneys. Conversely, low levels of Aminoglycosides might indicate effective treatment of an infection or the need for a dosage adjustment in patients, as subtherapeutic levels could compromise treatment efficacy. Additionally, persistently low levels may reflect a diminished kidney function or an altered pharmacokinetic response, which may necessitate further clinical evaluation.

Aminoglycoside is featured in the Gut Zoomer panel, which assesses a comprehensive array of gut microbiota, immune responses, and metabolic markers. By measuring Aminoglycoside levels, our test provides insights into potential antibiotic exposure and its effects on gut health. This information is crucial for practitioners aiming to understand how past treatments may influence current microbial diversity and overall digestive function, enabling tailored strategies for restoring and optimizing gut health.