Escherichia coli O157, commonly referred to as E. coli O157, is a pathogenic strain of the bacteria Escherichia coli, part of the Enterobacteriaceae family. First identified in the early 1980s, E. coli O157 became prominent when it was linked to severe foodborne outbreaks, particularly from undercooked beef and contaminated vegetables. This strain produces a potent Shiga toxin, which can cause severe gastrointestinal distress and life-threatening conditions such as hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Over the decades, E. coli O157 has raised public health concerns globally, leading to increased surveillance, food safety regulations, and research aimed at understanding its mechanisms of pathogenicity and transmission. As a significant bio marker in various diagnostic tests, E. coli O157 plays a crucial role in identifying and managing outbreaks, reflecting the ongoing challenge of foodborne illnesses in modern society.

Elevated levels of E. coli O157 may indicate a heightened risk of gastrointestinal infection or pathogenicity, often associated with consumption of contaminated food or water. This may suggest that the individual is undergoing a stress response from an infectious agent or has an altered gut microbiome. Low levels of E. coli O157 generally indicate a healthier gut environment, reduced risk of infection, and better microbial balance. However, extremely low levels might also raise questions about overall gut diversity or potential impacts from antibiotic use, which can affect the gut's natural flora. Monitoring these levels can provide important insights into an individual's gut health and risk factors for gastrointestinal diseases.

E. coli O157 is a significant biomarker included in the Gut Zoomer panel, which assesses a wide range of gut microbiota and their relationships with health. This pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli is known for its role in foodborne illness and can cause severe gastrointestinal distress. By identifying the presence of E. coli O157, the Gut Zoomer test helps practitioners evaluate potential risks associated with gut health and nutrient absorption, guiding targeted interventions to restore balance and promote overall wellness.