Hormones are biochemicals produced by glands in the endocrine system and play a vital role in regulating numerous physiological processes in the body, including growth, metabolism, reproductive functions, and mood. The term "hormone" originates from the Greek word "hormon," meaning "to excite" or "to set in motion." Hormones were first discovered in the late 19th century, with key early contributions attributed to scientists such as William Bayliss and Ernest Starling, who identified secretin in 1902 as the first hormone. Over the years, advancements in biochemistry and molecular biology have led to the characterization and synthesis of numerous hormones, significantly expanding the understanding of their diverse roles in human health. Today, research continues to explore the intricate signaling pathways of hormones, their interactions with various organs, and their implications in health conditions, thus underscoring their critical importance as biomarkers in diagnostic testing and therapeutic interventions.

Elevated hormone levels may indicate hyperactivity in corresponding physiological processes, which could result from factors like stress, hormonal imbalances, or certain medical conditions. This may be associated with symptoms such as anxiety, irritability, or weight fluctuations. Conversely, low hormone levels might suggest reduced gland function, nutritional deficiencies, or health issues impacting hormone production. Symptoms of low hormone levels can include fatigue, mood disturbances, and challenges in maintaining a stable metabolism. Proper interpretation of these highs and lows can provide insights into overall hormonal health and guide potential lifestyle or medical interventions.

Hormones play a critical role in the Gut Zoomer panel, which assesses various biomarkers to provide a comprehensive overview of gut health. The inclusion of hormone-related markers enables practitioners to delve into the intricate relationship between hormonal balance and gut function. By evaluating these markers, the Gut Zoomer can help identify factors contributing to dysbiosis, inflammation, and digestive issues, guiding practitioners in developing targeted and personalized interventions to restore balance and optimize wellness.