Double-strand break repair factor
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About XRCC4 (rs28383151, rs3734091)
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About XRCC4 (rs28383151, rs3734091)
Overview and History
XRCC4 is a nuclear protein that functions as a core component of the non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) DNA repair system. Biochemically it acts as a scaffolding partner for DNA ligase IV and other factors to align and ligate double-strand breaks, a critical step in maintaining genome stability.
XRCC4 was identified through genetic and cellular studies of radiation sensitivity and DNA repair deficits. Variants in XRCC4 have been studied for their influence on how cells tolerate ionizing radiation, oxidative stress, and certain chemical exposures that produce double-strand DNA breaks, making the gene relevant to research on cellular resilience to environmental damage.
Interpreting Highs and Lows
On genetic reports like the Toxin Zoomer, ‘higher’ or ‘lower’ refers to variant-associated tendencies in XRCC4 function or expression rather than a measured protein concentration. Variant patterns linked with relatively preserved XRCC4 activity may suggest stronger capacity for repairing double-strand breaks when cells face DNA-damaging agents. Conversely, variant patterns associated with reduced XRCC4 function may be associated with a tendency toward less efficient repair and greater cellular sensitivity to DNA-damaging exposures. Interpretation should be made alongside urinary toxicant measurements and other detox-related genetic markers for a full picture.
Featured Test
XRCC4 variants are included in the Toxin Zoomer to assess genetic aspects of DNA double-strand break repair, a pathway often engaged by environmental toxins and oxidative stress. By pairing XRCC4 variant data with quantified toxicant burden, clinicians can better contextualize exposure-related DNA stress and tailor monitoring or follow-up testing to individual repair capacity.
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Mary Beth Augustine
DCN, RDN, FAND- Lead Clinical Educator
Suzanne Barker
MS, RDN, LD, CTTS, CGP- Clinical Educator
Suzette Garcia
MSc- MHNE- Clinical Educator
Brooke Mader Ganev
MS, CNS, LDN, FDN- Clinical Educator
Adair Anderson
MS, RDN, LDN- Clinical Educator
Lillie Luu Nguyen
DCN, CNS, LDN- Clinical Educator
Jason Barker
ND- Clinical Educator
Emaline Brown
ND- Clinical Educator
Dana Filatova
DCN, CNS, LDN- Clinical Educator
Jessy Dhanjal
ND- Clinical Educator
Nour Amri
MS, LDN, CNS, CKNS- Clinical Educator
