Atherogenic lipoprotein structural protein
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About Apolipoprotein B
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About Apolipoprotein B
Overview and History
ApoB is a large apolipoprotein produced primarily by the liver (ApoB‑100) and, in a shorter form, by the intestine (ApoB‑48). Biochemically it belongs to the apolipoprotein family and is the structural scaffold for several lipoprotein classes that carry triglycerides and cholesterol through the bloodstream.
Historically, ApoB became clinically important when researchers noted that each atherogenic particle carries one ApoB molecule, so ApoB concentration closely tracks particle number. Its core biological functions include maintaining particle structure and mediating interactions with receptors that clear lipoproteins from circulation.
Interpreting Highs and Lows
Elevated ApoB levels generally indicate a higher number of atherogenic lipoprotein particles in circulation. This pattern is often seen with higher triglycerides, metabolic disturbances, certain inherited lipid patterns, or when the body produces more and clears fewer particles. Low ApoB levels indicate fewer atherogenic particles, which can reflect a favorable particle profile but may also occur with malnutrition, some liver disorders, or rare inherited low‑ApoB states. Interpretation should always consider the full Cardio Zoomer panel—cholesterol fractions, triglycerides, Lp(a), inflammatory and metabolic markers, and genetics—to understand the underlying causes and overall pattern.
Featured Test
Cardio Zoomer includes ApoB to quantify atherogenic particle burden beyond conventional cholesterol numbers. Paired with LDL‑C, Lp(a), small dense LDL, triglycerides and genetic data, ApoB helps clinicians identify whether particle count is a primary driver of lipid-related vascular stress and supports more precise, individualized risk assessment.
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Mary Beth Augustine
DCN, RDN, FAND- Lead Clinical Educator
Suzanne Barker
MS, RDN, LD, CTTS, CGP- Clinical Educator
Suzette Garcia
MSc- MHNE- Clinical Educator
Brooke Mader Ganev
MS, CNS, LDN, FDN- Clinical Educator
Adair Anderson
MS, RDN, LDN- Clinical Educator
Lillie Luu Nguyen
DCN, CNS, LDN- Clinical Educator
Jason Barker
ND- Clinical Educator
Emaline Brown
ND- Clinical Educator
Dana Filatova
DCN, CNS, LDN- Clinical Educator
Jessy Dhanjal
ND- Clinical Educator
Nour Amri
MS, LDN, CNS, CKNS- Clinical Educator
