Semi-essential amino acid
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About Arginine
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About Arginine
Overview and History
Arginine is a basic, proteinogenic amino acid often described as semi-essential because the body can synthesize it but may need dietary supply at times of stress. Biochemically it donates nitrogen in the urea cycle and serves as a precursor for creatine, polyamines, and other nitrogen-containing compounds.
In the late 20th century arginine was identified as the primary substrate for nitric oxide synthase, linking it directly to nitric oxide (NO) production and vascular signaling. Blood arginine measurements are used in research and clinical practice to reflect aspects of NO availability, endothelial activity, and systemic nitrogen balance.
Interpreting Highs and Lows
Higher-than-expected arginine levels can reflect recent supplementation or high protein intake, reduced renal clearance, or shifts in amino acid transport and breakdown. Elevated levels should be interpreted alongside kidney markers and signs of protein catabolism.
Lower arginine levels may reflect limited dietary supply, increased cellular use (for example during inflammation or repair), or reduced endogenous synthesis. Low arginine in isolation does not define a condition; its meaning is clearer when compared with related markers such as ADMA, SDMA, inflammatory markers, and metabolic panels.
Featured Test
Arginine is included in Cardio Zoomer to assess nitric-oxide signaling and aspects of endothelial function. Combined with ADMA, SDMA, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers, arginine helps clarify whether vascular tone and NO availability are contributing to cardiovascular risk patterns, guiding targeted follow-up and monitoring.
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Mary Beth Augustine
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MSc- MHNE- Clinical Educator
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MS, RDN, LDN- Clinical Educator
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ND- Clinical Educator
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DCN, CNS, LDN- Clinical Educator
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ND- Clinical Educator
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MS, LDN, CNS, CKNS- Clinical Educator
