Glutathione-linked liver enzyme
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High-quality testing run in a CLIA-certified and CAP-accredited lab in Santa Clara, California.
About GGT
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About GGT
Overview and History
GGT, or gamma‑glutamyl transferase, is a membrane-associated enzyme that transfers the gamma‑glutamyl group from glutathione and related peptides. Classified as a hepatic and biliary enzyme, it has been measured in clinical labs for decades as a marker tied to liver and bile‑related biology and to glutathione turnover.
The enzyme is concentrated on the surface of hepatocytes and cholangiocytes but is also present in kidney, pancreas, and other tissues. By regulating extracellular glutathione degradation and amino acid recycling, GGT links antioxidant defenses to cellular metabolism and can rise when oxidative demand or bile handling changes.
Interpreting Highs and Lows
Elevated GGT levels are associated with hepatobiliary stress or altered bile flow, recent alcohol exposure, certain medications, and metabolic strain; they also often track with markers of oxidative stress and cardiometabolic risk. Because multiple factors can raise GGT, elevated values are most informative when reviewed alongside liver enzymes, lipid and inflammatory markers, medication history, and clinical context.
Low GGT values are less commonly emphasized and typically have limited standalone significance. Low results can reflect lower hepatic enzyme expression, uncommon genetic variation, nutritional or laboratory factors, or normal biological variation; interpretation is improved by comparing GGT with the broader Cardio Zoomer profile.
Featured Test
GGT is included in Cardio Zoomer because it connects liver/bile biology and glutathione-mediated antioxidant balance to systemic cardiometabolic patterns. Measuring GGT helps providers see whether lipid, inflammatory, or metabolic abnormalities occur alongside hepatic stress or increased oxidative load, improving personalized interpretation of cardiovascular risk domains.
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Mary Beth Augustine
DCN, RDN, FAND- Lead Clinical Educator
Suzanne Barker
MS, RDN, LD, CTTS, CGP- Clinical Educator
Suzette Garcia
MSc- MHNE- Clinical Educator
Brooke Mader Ganev
MS, CNS, LDN, FDN- Clinical Educator
Adair Anderson
MS, RDN, LDN- Clinical Educator
Lillie Luu Nguyen
DCN, CNS, LDN- Clinical Educator
Jason Barker
ND- Clinical Educator
Emaline Brown
ND- Clinical Educator
Dana Filatova
DCN, CNS, LDN- Clinical Educator
Jessy Dhanjal
ND- Clinical Educator
Nour Amri
MS, LDN, CNS, CKNS- Clinical Educator
