Triglycerides are neutral lipids formed by esterifying three fatty acids to a glycerol backbone. Biochemically they fall under glycerolipids and are carried in blood within lipoprotein particles such as chylomicrons and very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL). Laboratory TG measurement typically uses enzymatic assays and is a long-established component of clinical lipid testing. Functionally, TG provide a readily available energy reserve and play a structural role in lipoprotein composition and metabolism. Their levels reflect recent dietary fat intake, hepatic production, and the clearance capacity of the circulation, so they link nutrition, liver function, and systemic energy balance.

Elevated triglyceride levels often reflect greater circulating triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and can be associated with excess caloric intake, higher simple carbohydrate consumption, regular alcohol use, reduced clearance, certain medications, or inherited patterns that affect lipid processing. In many people, higher TG occur alongside markers of altered glucose metabolism and shifts in lipoprotein particle composition. Low triglyceride values can be seen with very low dietary fat or caloric intake, malabsorption, some metabolic or thyroid-related states, or uncommon genetic variants affecting lipid synthesis. Any high or low TG result should be interpreted with the full Cardio Zoomer profile—lipoprotein particle measures, ApoB, metabolic markers, inflammatory and genetic data—to understand the underlying pattern.

Triglycerides are included in Cardio Zoomer to map circulating fat load and its interaction with lipoprotein particles, metabolic function, and inflammation. TG help distinguish whether lipid-related risk is driven by triglyceride-rich particles or by cholesterol particle burden, and they add context to genetic and metabolic markers for tailored risk interpretation and planning.