Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase autoantigen
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About Jo-1 (histidyl-tRNA synthetase)
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About Jo-1 (histidyl-tRNA synthetase)
Overview and History
Jo-1 is the cellular enzyme histidyl‑tRNA synthetase, a member of the aminoacyl‑tRNA synthetase family that attaches histidine to its corresponding transfer RNA during protein translation. It is an intracellular protein with a defined biochemical role in protein synthesis and cellular housekeeping.
Jo-1 gained clinical attention when patient sera were found to target this protein, making it a recognizable autoantigen in serologic testing. Its clinical relevance comes from its repeated association with immune responses that preferentially involve muscle and respiratory tissues, so it is commonly evaluated when mapping tissue-specific autoantibody profiles.
Interpreting Highs and Lows
Elevated Jo-1 antibody levels suggest the presence of a targeted immune response against histidyl‑tRNA synthetase, which is often seen alongside immune activity involving tissues where this antigen is relevant, such as skeletal muscle and lung. Low or undetectable Jo-1 levels indicate that no circulating antibodies to this specific autoantigen were found at the time of testing. Interpretation of high or low Jo-1 should be made in the context of the full Immune Zoomer panel, clinical symptoms, and other laboratory findings, since single markers are most informative as part of an overall pattern.
Featured Test
Jo-1 is included in the Immune Zoomer because it helps define the Joint, Muscle, and Connective Tissue immunity domain. Detecting antibodies to Jo-1 contributes to a clearer pattern of immune reactivity that can link muscle or respiratory symptoms to specific autoantibody targets, aiding clinicians in prioritizing follow-up evaluation and personalized monitoring.
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Mary Beth Augustine
DCN, RDN, FAND- Lead Clinical Educator
Suzanne Barker
MS, RDN, LD, CTTS, CGP- Clinical Educator
Suzette Garcia
MSc- MHNE- Clinical Educator
Brooke Mader Ganev
MS, CNS, LDN, FDN- Clinical Educator
Adair Anderson
MS, RDN, LDN- Clinical Educator
Lillie Luu Nguyen
DCN, CNS, LDN- Clinical Educator
Jason Barker
ND- Clinical Educator
Emaline Brown
ND- Clinical Educator
Dana Filatova
DCN, CNS, LDN- Clinical Educator
Jessy Dhanjal
ND- Clinical Educator
Nour Amri
MS, LDN, CNS, CKNS- Clinical Educator
